Salbutamol
Детермінований перегляд YAML-сутності з джерельної бази. Клінічний авторитет лишається за вказаними source ID та статусом клінічного sign-off.
| ID | DRUG-SALBUTAMOL |
|---|---|
| Тип | Препарат |
| Синоніми | ProAirSalbuventVentolinalbuterolСальбутамол |
| Статус | переглянуто 2026-04-27 | очікує клінічного підпису |
| Хвороби | Не вказано |
| Джерела | SRC-NCCN-BCELL-2025 SRC-NCCN-MM-2025 |
Дані про препарат
| Клас | Short-acting selective β2-adrenergic agonist (SABA) bronchodilator |
|---|---|
| Механізм дії | Selective short-acting β2-adrenergic agonist that activates β2 receptors on bronchial smooth muscle, stimulating adenylyl cyclase → increased intracellular cAMP → relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and bronchodilation. Onset of action 5-15 min after inhalation, peak effect 30-60 min, duration 4-6 h. Also produces mast cell membrane stabilization (modestly reducing histamine release), enhanced mucociliary clearance, and decreased microvascular permeability. Selectivity for β2 over β1 (~30:1) limits cardiac stimulation at therapeutic doses but loses selectivity at high doses or with parenteral routes (tachycardia, palpitations, modest blood pressure changes). In oncology supportive care, used for: (1) bronchospasm component of chemotherapy infusion reactions and anaphylaxis (adjunct to epinephrine, NOT substitute); (2) acute exacerbations of underlying asthma / COPD precipitated by inf... |
| Типове дозування | ACUTE BRONCHOSPASM / INFUSION REACTION (adult, nebulized): 2.5-5 mg in 3 mL NS via nebulizer with O2 6-8 L/min, repeat every 20 min × 3 doses then every 1-4 h as needed. METERED-DOSE INHALER (MDI) with spacer: 4-8 puffs (90 µg / puff) every 20 min × 3 doses then every 1-4 h. SEVERE BRONCHOSPASM (refractory): continuous nebulization 10-15 mg/h. Pediatric nebulizer: 0.15 mg/kg (min 2.5 mg, max 5 mg) per dose; MDI with spacer 2-4 puffs per dose. IV (rare; not preferred over inhalation): 250 µg slow bolus then 5-20 µg/min infusion. Renal: no adjustment. Hepatic: no adjustment. CRITICAL: nebulization preferred for moderate-severe bronchospasm or when patient unable to use MDI properly; MDI with... |
| Зареєстровано в Україні | True |
| Відшкодовується НСЗУ | True |
| Остання перевірка для України | 2026-04-27 |
Нотатки
Standard adjunct for bronchospasm component of anaphylaxis, chemotherapy infusion reactions, and CAR-T cytokine release syndrome — given concurrently with epinephrine (epinephrine remains the FIRST-LINE for true anaphylaxis with hypotension or upper airway edema). Nebulized 2.5-5 mg q20min × 3 then q1-4h is standard for moderate-severe bronchospasm. Critical: salbutamol does NOT reverse hypotension or upper airway edema — if these are present, epinephrine IM thigh is mandatory and urgent. Add ipratropium 500 µg nebulized if bronchospasm refractory or severe (combined β2 + muscarinic blockade). For bronchospasm during paclitaxel, rituximab, or monoclonal antibody infusions: stop infusion, administer salbutamol nebulized, diphenhydramine + famotidine + steroid as supportive — escalate to epinephrine if hypotension / upper airway involvement / no response in 5-10 min. Avoid in patients with cardiomyopathy / serious arrhythmia (QT-prolonging chemotherapy regimens particularly — TKIs, arsenic trioxide). Tachycardia and hypokalemia are dose-related — monitor in continuous nebulization. Ukraine: cheap, ubiquitous, NSZU-covered.
Де використовується
У YAML-корпусі не знайдено зворотних посилань.