Las mutaciones promotoras de TERT (C228T o C250T) ocurren en ~10–15% del cáncer de tiroides papilar (PT...
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| ID | BMA-TERT-THYROID |
|---|---|
| Tipo | Relevancia terapéutica |
| Situación | reviewed 2026-05-04 | pending_clinical_signoff | actionability review required |
| Enfermedades | DIS-THYROID-PAPILLARY |
| Fuentes | SRC-ATA-THYROID-2015 SRC-NCCN-THYROID-2025 |
Hechos relativos a la posibilidad de adoptar medidas
| Biomarcador | BIO-TERT |
|---|---|
| Variante | TERT promotor de mutación (C228T o C250T) en carcinoma papilar o folicular tiroideo: marcador pronóstico adverso; riesgo sinérgico de mortalidad cuando se produce conjuntamente con BRAF V600E |
| Enfermedad | DIS-THYROID-PAPILLARY |
| El nivel de ESCAT | IIB |
| Combinaciones recomendadas | Yodo radiactivo (IRA) — estrategia de dosificación intensificada para el PTC doble positivo ERT+BRAF (considerar la dosis terapéutica de 150–200 mCi con estimulación TSH para características de alto riesgo), lenvatinib 24 mg PO QD — para el cáncer tiroideo diferenciado refractario RAI (ensayo SELECT; FDA 2015); mutación ERT predice la refractación RAI; no aprobación específica del TERT, sorafenib 400 mg PO BID — DTC refractário RAI(ensayos DECISION; Fda 2013; alternativa al lenvastinib) |
| Resumen de las pruebas | TERT promoter mutations (C228T or C250T) occur in ~10–15% of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and ~15–20% of follicular thyroid cancer (FTC). TERT mutation is a strong adverse prognostic marker in differentiated thyroid cancer. Key evidence: Xing et al. (NEJM 2014 correspondence / JAMA Oncol): BRAF V600E + TERT promoter mutation creates a synergistic mortality risk — patients with both mutations have ~40× higher disease-specific mortality vs those with neither (BRAF+TERT double-positive: ~68% 10-yr mortality vs ~2% wild-type). TERT alone or BRAF alone: intermediate risk. ATA 2015 guidelines incorporate BRAF V600E as a risk-stratification factor; ESMO/NCCN 2025 updates recommend TERT testing alongside BRAF to identify the highest-risk PTC subgroup. Therapeutic implication: TERT-mutant/BRAF-mutant PTC should receive more aggressive radioiodine (RAI) therapy and enhanced surveillance. RAI-refractory TERT/BRAF-double- mutant PTC may benefit from kinase inhibitors (sorafenib, lenvatinib). No TERT-specific inhibitor approved for thyroid cancer. ESCAT IIB: established prognostic biomarker; n... |
Notas
ESCAT IIB: TERT promoter mutation is a validated adverse prognostic marker in differentiated thyroid cancer; it modulates treatment intensity (more aggressive RAI, enhanced surveillance) rather than selecting a targeted drug. TERT testing is NOT universally standard of care yet but is increasingly incorporated in high-risk PTC workup. Practical implementation: TERT testing should be performed in PTC with any of these features: T3/T4, N1b, M1, large tumor, extrathyroidal extension, multifocal disease, or aggressive histology (tall cell, columnar cell, diffuse sclerosing variants). If TERT+ and BRAF+: classify as highest risk; consider intensified RAI and kinase inhibitor planning if RAI-refractory. If TERT-/BRAF+: intermediate risk per ATA. Note: TERT promoter sequencing requires specific panel design — many standard targeted NGS panels do NOT cover the TERT promoter; verify panel before ordering.
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